German character actor with powerful left-wing convictions. Member of the Socialist Worker's Youth (USPD) after World War I. Privately tutored in singing and acting. Had a leading role in Slatan Dudow's film "Kuhle Wampe" (1932). Performed for the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War, subsequently captured by the fascists. After the end of World War II, joined Bertold Brecht at the Berliner Ensemble. Became a leading interpreter of Brecht on stage. Film appearances few.