- He was a painter, engraver, and sculptor. He was inspired by the works of Francisco de Goya and Pablo Picasso. His use of dark, deformed, animal-like figures was a sharp contrast with the muralism popular in Mexico. He was a leading influence on a generation of artists in Mexico known as La Ruptura, or "The Breakaway".
- He attended Mexico's Escuela Nacional de Pintura, Escultura y Grabado arts school. He held his first exhibit at the age of 14. Rheumatic fever kept him confined to bed for two years, and he quit school. As a teenager, he drew patients at a mental hospital where his brother worked. In 1959, he won first prize for drawing at the Sao Paulo Biennale; worldwide exhibitions and tours followed.
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