- Son of Nicanor Parra Parra and Clarisa Sandoval Navarrete.
- Older brother of Violeta Parra, Hilda Parra, Lalo Parra, Roberto Parra, Caupolicán Parra (died of child), Elba Parra, Lautaro Parra, Óscar Parra and Olga Parra.
- Father of Catalina Parra, Colombina Parra and Juan de Dios Parra.
- Winner of the Cervantes prize.
- He is considered one of the most important poets of Spanish language writing. His "anti-poetry", which mixes colloquial language with old-fashioned verse, is influential in Latin America.
- He graduated from the University of Chile with degrees in mathematics and physics. He studied advanced mechanics at Brown University and cosmology at the University of Oxford. He was a visiting professor at Columbia and Yale. He taught theoretical physics at the University of Chile from 1948 until he retired in 1991. He once said that he taught physics to earn a living, but wrote poetry to stay alive.
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