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1-13 of 13
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His paternal grandparents were Marie Cessete Dumas (a Haitian slave) and Marquis Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie. Antoine disapproved of their son, Thomas-Alexandre, joining the French army under the "Davy de la Pailleterie" name, so Thomas-Alexandre used his mother's surname instead. He became a valued general of Napoleon, and after he married the daughter of a local tavern owner, Thomas-Alexandre had a son of his own. This son was Alexandre Dumas, who became world-famous as the author of "The Three Musketeers" and "The Count of Monte Cristo".- Writer
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Although Hugo was fascinated by poems from childhood on, he spent some time at the polytechnic university of Paris until he dedicated all his work to literature. He was one of the few authors who were allowed to reach popularity during his own lifetime and one of the leaders of French romance.
After the death of his daughter Leopoldine in 1843, he started a career in politics and became member of the Paris chamber where he fought for leftist ideas. After the re-establishing of monarchy, he had to go into exile to Guernesey (1851-1870) where his literary work became more important, e.g. "Les Miserables" was written during that period. After his return to Paris he did not join politics anymore.- Writer
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Wilhelm Hauff was born on 29 November 1802 in Stuttgart, Duchy of Württemberg, Holy Roman Empire [now Baden-Württemberg, Germany]. He was a writer, known for Othello (1918), Das Wirtshaus im Spessart (1958) and Das kalte Herz (1930). He was married to Luise. He died on 18 November 1827 in Stuttgart, Kingdom of Württemberg [now Baden-Württemberg, Germany].- Frederick Oakeley was born on 5 September 1802 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England, UK. He died on 29 January 1880 in Islington, London, England, UK.
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Author and social reformer Lydia Marie Child was born on February 11, 1803, into a staunchly abolitionist family (a stance that was quite unpopular at the time). She attended a seminar for a year, and her social awareness was largely due to the influence of her brother, a Unitarian clergyman who later became a professor at Harvard Divinity School. She took up the cause not only of the abolition of slavery but also the care of the poor. She wrote many books on various subjects, ranging from anti-slavery tracts to tips for housewives.
In 1826 she founded the first magazine directed at children, "The Juvenile Miscellany". She discontinued that publication in 1833 when she married David Child and the two published "An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans". The book came under severe criticism from many quarters of American society--especially in the South--largely due to the fact that it advocated the formal education of blacks, but overall it focused attention on a subject that many Americans of the time knew little or nothing about--slavery--and actually converted some slaveowners to the abolitionist cause.
From 1840-44 she and her husband were the editors of "The National Anti-Slavery Standard", a newspaper published weekly in New York City. They moved to Wayland, Massachusetts, in 1852, buying a farm and settling down there. They continued their involvement in the abolitionist cause, writing books and contributing money to anti-slavery organizations, and got involved in the anti-death penalty movement.
She died on her farm in Wayland on October 20, 1880.
She was involve to posthumous soundtracks like Planes, Trains & Automobiles (1987). In 1973 it recorded the soundtrack to this song in A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving (1973), Boardwalk Empire (2010) and The Middle (2009).- Writer
- Soundtrack
Elias Lönnrot was born on 9 April 1802 in Sammatti, Finland. Elias was a writer, known for V. Y. Vihdoinkin yhdessä (1986), The Christmas Party (1996) and The Final Arrangement (1987). Elias was married to Maria Lönnrot. Elias died on 19 March 1884 in Sammatti, Finland.- Paul-Émile Botta (6 December 1802 - 29 March 1870) was an Italian-born French scientist who served as Consul in Mosul (then in the Ottoman Empire, now in Iraq) from 1842, and who discovered the ruins of the ancient Assyrian capital of Dur-Sharrukin. Botta was selected to be naturalist on a voyage around the world. Although he had no formal medical training, he also served as the ship surgeon. Le Heros under Captain Auguste Bernard Duhaut-Cilly (1790-1849) left Le Havre April 8, 1826 and sailed south through the Atlantic Ocean, stopping in Rio DE Janeiro and around Cape Horn. They traveled up the coast stopping at Callao, Mexico, and Alta California. Jean Baptiste Rives (1793-1833), the former secretary of the Kingdom of Hawaii, had convinced investors from the family of Jacques Laffitte to finance the voyage to promote trade to California and Hawaii, but Rives disappeared along with some of the cargo.
- Charles-Auguste de Bériot was born on 20 February 1802 in Louvain, France [now Leuven, Flanders, Belgium]. He was married to Marie Huber and Maria Malibran. He died on 8 April 1870 in Brussels, Belgium.
- Nicholas Patrick Wiseman was born on 2 August 1802 in Seville, Spain. He was a writer, known for Fabiola (1918), The Revolt of the Slaves (1960) and Fabiola (1949). He died on 15 February 1865 in London, England, UK.
- Catherine Parr Traill was born on 9 January 1802 in London, England, UK. She was a writer, known for Sisters in the Wilderness: The Lives of Susanna Moodie and Catharine Parr Traill (2004). She was married to Thomas Traill. She died on 29 August 1899 in Lakefield, Ontario, Canada.
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Nikolaus Lenau's real name was Nikolaus Niembsch, Edler von Strehlenau (from 1822). Lenau grew up in the confines of an impoverished officer's family. He spent his childhood and youth in Pest, Trokaj, Vienna and Stockerau near Vienna. From 1812 to 1815 he went to the Piarist High School in Pest. In 1816 the family moved to Tokaj, where he received private lessons as well as violin and guitar lessons. In 1817 he passed his examination at the Piarist high school in Sátoraljaújhely and in 1818 at the high school in Pest. He then moved to Stockerau near Vienna to live with his wealthy paternal grandparents. In 1820 his grandfather, Colonel Josef Niembsch, received the title of nobility, which was inherited by Nikolaus Lenau after his death in 1822. From this he derived his stage name.
After his school education, with the financial support of his grandparents, he studied law, philosophy, agriculture and medicine in Pressburg, Vienna, Hungarian-Altenburg and Heidelberg from 1822 to 1832, but without completing his studies. In 1828 he was able to read one of his works for the first time, the poem "The Dreams of Youth" in J.G. Publish Seidl's paperback "Aurora". From 1830 he used his pseudonym Lenau. In Württemberg he had his first contact with the members of the "Swabian Poets' Circle" in 1831; there he met Gustav Schwab, Ludwig Uhland, Justinus Kerner, Count Alexander v. Württemberg and Carl Mayer. He owes his first publications to the Cotta publishing house to the professor, editor and poet Gustav Schwab. In Stuttgart he frequented various salons where he recited his own poems.
From 1832 to 1833 he traveled to America to try for a new start, but it failed. There he encountered a situation similar to that at home, which did not give him any new motifs for his poetic work. His experiences were processed in Ferdinand Kürnberger's novel "Der Amerika-Müde" (1855). With this trip, Lenau tried to escape from the political and intellectual narrowness of contemporary Germany. Departures have accompanied him since his childhood and also in later years. This homelessness was transferred to his poetic work, in which he moved between melancholy and commitment. In 1833 Lenau fell in love with the married Viennese woman Sophie von Löwenthal, in whose house he lived intermittently from 1837 to 1841. He began a restless life traveling between Württemberg and Vienna.
Lenau entered into several engagements, which he saw as a way out of his unhappy love - but none of them led to a happy ending. In 1836 he met the Danish theologian Hans Lassen Martensen. He and his reading of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel influenced his thinking and work. Between 1833 and 1842, Nikolaus wrote his three major hybrids "Faust" (1836), "Savonarola" (1837) and "The Albigensians" (1842). These dramatic works with an epic tone are characterized by distinctly lyrical elements that can also be found in other dramatic pieces and in his verse epics. Lenau's poetic productivity focused primarily on nature poetry. His images of nature are associated with death, isolation, transience and loss. Lenau strikes a tone of sadness and melancholy.
This contrasts with his political, often aggressive and accusatory poems, which propagate European freedom, emancipation, liberalism and democracy. These two sides make up the ambivalence in Nikolaus Lenau's poetic work. His lyrical works are characterized not only by rich images and metaphors, but also by an onomatopoeic language that appeals to all the senses. In 1844, the physical and mental collapse followed, from which Nikolaus Lenau never recovered. The sensitive poet went mad, suffered a stroke and attempted suicide several times. He was sent to closed sanatoriums in Stuttgart and Vienna, where he spent a total of six years. His work on "Don-Juan" was never completed.
Nikolaus Lenau died on August 22, 1850 in Oberdöbling/Vienna.- Jacob Van Lennep was born on 24 March 1802 in Amsterdam, Batavian Republic [now Noord-Holland, Netherlands]. He was a writer, known for Ritmeester Buat (1968) and De zomer van 1823 - In het voetspoor van Jacob van Lennep (2001). He was married to Henriëtte Röell. He died on 25 August 1868 in Oosterbeek, nearby Arnheim, Netherlands.
- Adolphe Nourrit was born on 3 March 1802 in Montpellier, Hérault, France. He was a writer, known for La sylphide (2004) and Grands pas classiques (1978). He died on 8 March 1839 in Naples, Campania, Italy.