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1-21 of 21
- Music Department
- Composer
- Soundtrack
German Romantic composer Johannes Brahms was born in Hamburg in 1833 and died in Vienna, Austria in 1897. A perfectionist, he often compared himself unfavorably to composers such as Beethoven and ended up destroying many compositions without their ever being heard. While basically conservative, he showed musical growth throughout his four symphonies and occasionally borrowed wilder folk themes, such as in his Hungarian Dances, and he explored a vast range of human emotion in his Violin Concerto.
Although he never married, much of his later life involved a seemingly unending devotion to Clara Schumann, widow of composer Robert Schumann - both of whom were long-time friends to Brahms.- Music Department
- Composer
- Writer
Aleksandr Borodin was born on November 12, 1833 in St. Petersburg, Russia. He was in fact the illegitimate son of the Georgian Prince, Lukas Gedevanishvili, who registered his son under the name of his serf and payed for Borodin's private education in music, languages and sciences.
Young Borodin grew up becoming fluent in German, French and English, besides his native Russian. He later learned Italian and was able to write a technical essay in that language. Borodin studied at the St. Petersburg Medical-Surgical Academy from 1850-1856 and graduated with honours as a Medical Doctor. He also earned a doctorate in organic chemistry with his dissertation "On the analogy of arsenic acid with phosphoric acid in chemical and toxicological behaviour." Borodin carried advanced research on aldehydes. In 1872, Borodin discovered the "Aldol-reaction/condensation". He also worked on the chemistry of mineral waters and researched their medicinal properties.
In 1859-63 Borodin lived in Western Europe, where he studied medicine and chemistry and also attended the concerts of Franz Liszt, who became Borodin's friend and admirer of his music. Back in Russia, Borodin continued his music studies as a weekend hobby. He often played piano and flute with his friends, the composers of "The Mighty Handful", which included Mily Balakirev, Cesar Cui, Modest Mussorgsky and Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Borodin was a frequent traveller because of his scientific research and invitations from various research centres and Universities. His tone poem for symphony orchestra "In the Steppes of Central Asia" was composed on his impressions from travels.
Borodin started the work on his first symphony in 1862, under the tutelage of Mily Balakirev and completed the work by 1869, when it was premiered under the baton of Mily Balakirev. In 1869, Borodin started on his Symphony No.2 which was premiered in 1877, but Borodin made upgrades to its orchestration for the triumphal performance in 1879 under the direction of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. His lengthy work on each one of his symphonies was caused by Borodin's preoccupation with his second opera "Prince Igor", which became his most important work. Borodin was working on this masterpiece from 1869 to his death in 1877. It contains the famous choral "Polovetsian Dances" which was borrowed for the popular song "Stranger in Paradise" and was also used in many films.
In 1877, Borodin went to Weimar where Franz Liszt worked as a Muskmaster. Though Borodin's European trips were made for the business of his scientific research, Franz Liszt, being a personal friend of Borodin, made arrangements for his Symphony No. 1 to be performed for the first time outside Russia. In Italy, Borodin became engaged and lived with Ekaterina Protopopova, whom he married upon their return to St. Petersburg, Russia. Borodin composed many romantic songs for voice and piano accompaniment, dedicated to his beloved wife, Ekaterina. Some of those romances were composed to the poems by Nikolai A. Nekrasov. Borodin's romances became a staple in the repertoire of many classical vocalists.
Borodin's strong and lyrical String Quartet No.2 in D Major stands out in that genre. It is an intellectual conversation between the four musical instruments, each having a special character, and each shows its development through their delicious harmonic interplay. The popular "Nocturne" movement from this quartet is arguably one of the most lyrical melodies in all music.
Borodin's contribution to science and culture could be even more significant. He left a number of unfinished works, the Symphony No. 3 and a five-part opera on stories from Russian fairy tales. He died on February 27, 1887 during a party in St. Petersburg and was laid to rest at the St. Alexander Nevsky Monastery in St. Petersburg, Russia.- Benjamin Harrison was the 23rd President of the US. He was born in North Bend, Ohio, on August 20, 1833. He came from a family which had a long history in politics--his grandfather William Henry Harrison was a former US President, his father was a Congressman and he had cousins who were congressmen, governors and mayors.
He was educated at Farmers College and Miami University in Ohio, graduating from the university in 1862. He was admitted to the bar in 1864 and began a law practice in Indianapolis, Indiana, but soon became involved in Republican politics. He held some minor party and appointed offices, During the Civil War he organized an army unit, the 70th Indiana Infantry, which he commanded as a colonel. The unit was posted to mostly garrison duty in Kentucky and Tennessee, and in 1864 it was attached to the forces of Gen. William T. Sherman in Georgia.
After the war he returned to Indiana and got even more involved in state politics, becoming a driving force in what became known as the Radical Republican movement. He ran in the Republican primary for the gubernatorial nomination in 1872, but was unsuccessful. In 1876 he finally got the nomination, but lost the election. In 1880 he headed the Indiana delegation to the Republican convention and was a major factor in securing the presidential nomination for James A. Garfield, who won the election. He was offered a cabinet post but turned it down in favor of being the party's nominee for Senator, and won the election. As a senator he was a strong advocate for civil-service reform and helped in the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. He lost his bid for re-election that year, but in 1888 secured the Republican nomination for President. He ran against Democrat Grover Cleveland, and although Cleveland won the popular vote, Harrison received more votes in the electoral college, therefore winning the presidency.
As President, Harrison's most notable accomplishments occurred in foreign affairs, and he sponsored the first Pan-American Conference in 1889 between the US and Latin America. On the domestic front, his administration secured passage of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, which was popular with the public, but it also passed the highly unpopular McKinley Tariff Act and the even more unpopular Sherman Silver Purchase Act. A major scandal occurred in the Veterans Bureau--later to become the Veterans Administration--during Harrison's presidency; it had been very strictly run during Cleveland's term, but Harrison loosened oversight of it and soon the extravagant expenditures lavished by the bureau's top management on themselves and their cronies shocked the public and forced the resignation of the bureau's pension commissioner. In the 1890 elections the Democratic party took control of Congress. Public dissatisfaction with Harrison's administration led to his defeat by former president Cleveland in the 1892 elections, after which Harrison returned to Indianapolis and resumed his law practice. He wrote several articles for local newspapers and eventually published two books, "This Country of Ours" (1897), a collection of his writings; and a memoir, "Views of an ex-President" (1901).
He died in Indianapolis on March 13, 1901. - Alfred Nobel was born on 21 October 1833 in Stockholm, Sweden. He died on 10 December 1896 in San Remo, Liguria, Italy.
- George W. Middleton was born on 1 January 1833 in New York, New York, USA. He was an actor, known for The Soul of Broadway (1915), Born Again (1914) and Hearts of Oak (1914). He was married to Anna Rebecca Ketchum. He died on 25 January 1916 in New York, New York, USA.
- Denman Thompson was born on 16 October 1833 in Girard, Pennsylvania, USA. He was a writer, known for The Hazards of Helen (1914), The Old Homestead (1915) and Sunshine of Paradise Alley (1926). He was married to Maria Bolton. He died on 14 April 1911 in West Swanzey, New Hampshire, USA.
- Writer
- Soundtrack
Author of the classic novella El sombrero de tres picos (1944), a graceful, humorous picaresque story. Liberal and anti-clerical, Alarcón was the notorious chief editor of the periodical El Látigo (The Whip). Wrote numerous novels, short stories, poetry and drama, but remained famous for abovementioned novella and the novel El escándalo (1943). Manuel de Falla made El Sombrero... into a famous ballet.- John M. Harlan was born on 1 June 1833 in Boyle County, Kentucky, USA. He died on 14 October 1911 in Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
- Jeb Stuart was born on 6 February 1833 in Patrick County, Virginia, U SA. He died on 12 May 1864 in Richmond, Virginia, USA.
- Adam Lindsay Gordon was born on 19 October 1833 in Faial, Azores, Portugal. He was a writer, known for The Sick Stockrider (1913). He was married to Margaret Park. He died on 24 June 1870 in Australia.
- Jonas Lie was born on 6 November 1833 in Hokksund, Norway. He was a writer, known for Kommandørens døtre (1912), Troll (1991) and Lystige koner (1985). He was married to Thomasine Henriette. He died on 5 July 1908 in Fleskum, Sandvika, Norway.
- G. Bruno was born on 31 July 1833 in Laval, Mayenne, France. He was a writer, known for Le tour de France par deux enfants (1924), Le tour de France par deux enfants (1957) and France/tour/détour/deux/enfants (1980). He died on 8 July 1923 in Menton, Alpes-Maritimes, France.
- Garnet Joseph Wolseley was born on 4 June 1833 in Golden Bridge, Ireland. He was married to Louisa Erskine. He died on 26 March 1913 in Menton, France.
- Melville Fuller is a politician, lawyer, and judge from Illinois. He was the eighth Chief Justice of the United States from 1888 to 1910.
Born in Augusta, Maine, Fuller established a legal practice in Chicago after graduating from Bowdoin College. He also served as a newspaper editor and managed Democrat Stephen A. Douglas's campaign in the 1860 presidential election. During the Civil War, he served a single term in the Illinois House of Representatives. Fuller became a prominent attorney in Chicago and was a delegate to several Democratic national conventions.
Melville Fuller declined several appointments offered by President Grover Cleveland before accepting the nomination to succeed Morrison Waite as Chief Justice. Despite some opposition to the nomination, Fuller won Senate confirmation in 1888. In 1893, he declined Cleveland's offer to serve as Secretary of State. He served as Chief Justice until his death in 1910. - Lajos Abonyi was born on 9 January 1833 in Kisterenye, Kaiserthum Oesterreich [now Hungary]. Lajos was a writer, known for Éjféli találkozás (1915). Lajos died on 28 April 1898 in Abony, Austria-Hungary [now Hungary].
- Producer
- Production Manager
Teixeira de Melo was born on 28 August 1833 in Campos dos Goitacases, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He was a producer and production manager, known for Um Dia Qualquer (1965) and Marajó, Barreira do Mar (1967). He died on 10 April 1907 in Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.- Ferdinand von Saar was born on 30 September 1833 in Vienna, Austrian Empire. He was a writer, known for Spannende Geschichten (1978). He was married to Melanie Lederer. He died on 24 July 1906 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary.
- Dobri Voynikov was born on 10 November 1833 in Shumen, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire [now Bulgaria]. He was a writer, known for The Phoney Civilization (1974). He died on 27 March 1878 in Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria.
- Manuel Murguía was born on 17 May 1833 in O Froxel, Oseiro, Arteixo, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. He was married to Rosalía de Castro. He died on 2 February 1923 in A Coruña, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
- Cornelius Bliss was born on 26 January 1833 in Fall River, Massachusetts, USA. He died on 9 October 1911 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Jovan Jovanovic-Zmaj was born on 24 November 1833 in Újvidék/Novi Sad, Hungary, Austrian Empire [now Vojvodina, Serbia]. He was a writer, known for TV teatar (1956), Neven (1974) and Bozicna pesma (1995). He died on 14 June 1904 in Sremska Kamenica, Austria-Hungary [now Serbia].