Austrian filmmaker Johann Schwarzer sought to break the dominance of French-produced erotic films being distributed by the Pathé brothers in the late 1800s/early 1900s. Schwarzer formed his Saturn-Film production company which between 1906 and 1911 produced 52 short erotic productions. Schwarzer went out and recruited local women willing to take off all their clothes and perform totally nude in different scenarios by convincing them it was for "art." He would then show the films at men-only theatre nights (called Herrenabende). These films were promoted as erotic and artistic, rather than pornographic, but in 1911, Saturn was dissolved by the censorship authorities and all its films ordered destroyed, though some prints owned by private collectors did survive.