Hieronymus Bosch (1450-1516) was born Jheronimus (or Jeroen or Joen) Anthonissen van Aken. The first names are Latin and various Middle Dutch forms of "Jerome," and the last two mean "from Aachen," now part of Germany. He signed his paintings Jheronimus Bosch to indicate his birthplace, and the town where he lived all his life, 's-Hertogenbosh, commonly known as Den Bosch, or "the forest."