"Sands of Iwo Jima" is a patriotic war film of the type that was popular (in both America and Britain) in the years following the end of World War II. Although the war itself had been over for four years when it was made, by 1949 the Cold War had started, and the thought that America might soon be at war again may have been a factor in the popularity of films of this sort. It is notable that few patriotic war films were made in the immediate aftermath of World War I when it was widely, if erroneously, believed that the horrors of the trenches had made war a thing of the past; anti-war films were more popular during this period.
Like a number of such films it follows a group of fighting men- in this case a squad of United States Marines- through the war, typically starting with their training and ending with some heroic engagement in which the unit acquit themselves with distinction. The engagement in this case is the famous Battle of Iwo Jima of February/March 1945 in which American forces succeeded in seizing control of a Japanese-held island, albeit at the cost of heavy casualties. A photograph of US Marines raising the Stars and Stripes over the island became an icon of American patriotism; this event is recreated in the film making it a "flag-waving" movie in the most literal sense.
(The value of this victory has been doubted. It has been pointed out that Iwo Jima had little strategic value and that, given their overwhelming superiority in numbers and their complete control of the surrounding sea and air, it would have been virtually impossible for the Americans to have lost the battle. Needless to say, doubts of this nature are never raised in the film).
We first meet the squad during training in New Zealand, where they are being put through their paces by tough-but-fair Sergeant John Stryker. Not all the men, however, appreciate Stryker's rigorous training methods. He is especially disliked by two of them. Private Al Thomas, who has tangled with Stryker in the past, regards him as tough-but- unfair. Private Peter Conway, who has joined the Marines for the sake of family tradition rather than out of any genuine enthusiasm, loathes him for more complicated reasons. Conway's father, who has been killed earlier in the war, was himself an officer in the Marines. Stryker served under him and greatly admired him, but Conway junior despised his father, whom he saw as cold and unfeeling, and transfers his hatred to Stryker, whom he sees as a man of a similar stamp. Needless to say, both Thomas and Conway eventually prove themselves heroes when the squad go into battle.
A subplot deals with Conway's courtship of, and marriage to, Allison, a New Zealand girl. (At least, I presume Allison is a New Zealander, although Adele Mara plays her with an American accent). An attempt is made to give Stryker himself some sort of a back-story; we learn that he went through a traumatic divorce before the war and that he has become an alcoholic as a result. The scriptwriters, however, seem to regard his tendency to drink alcohol to excess as a mere personal foible which in no way detracts from his efficiency as a soldier. When his squad come across him dead drunk in the street they all- even those who dislike him- combine to hide him and protect him from the military police, never stopping to think whether a habitual drunkard is really the sort of man they want to lead them in combat.
Today the battle scenes would seem fairly feeble, not only in comparison with something like "Saving Private Ryan" but also in comparison with later war films from the sixties and seventies. In the late forties, however, they probably seemed effective enough and aroused greater tension than comparable films made during the war itself. The casting of John Wayne, who himself had never served in the armed forces and was considered a draft dodger by some, was controversial, but the film nevertheless brought him his first Academy Award nomination for "Best Actor in a Leading Role". Wayne had a limited range as an actor, but could be very good within that range, as he is here, making Stryker entirely credible as a man whom others would willingly follow into battle, despite his personal weaknesses. He lost out on "Best Actor", however, to Broderick Crawford as Governor Stark in "All the King's Men"; ironically this was a role which Wayne himself had been offered but refused.
"Sands of Iwo Jima" is a "Marmite Film" that will continue to divide opinion, even more than sixty years after it was made. Pacifists will doubtless hate it as a glorification of war. American patriots, especially those who share John Wayne's conservative politics, will love it as a celebration of heroism in a just cause. It is, however, overall a well-written, well-acted and generally well-made picture of men at war, if rather too gung-ho for my tastes. 7/10
Like a number of such films it follows a group of fighting men- in this case a squad of United States Marines- through the war, typically starting with their training and ending with some heroic engagement in which the unit acquit themselves with distinction. The engagement in this case is the famous Battle of Iwo Jima of February/March 1945 in which American forces succeeded in seizing control of a Japanese-held island, albeit at the cost of heavy casualties. A photograph of US Marines raising the Stars and Stripes over the island became an icon of American patriotism; this event is recreated in the film making it a "flag-waving" movie in the most literal sense.
(The value of this victory has been doubted. It has been pointed out that Iwo Jima had little strategic value and that, given their overwhelming superiority in numbers and their complete control of the surrounding sea and air, it would have been virtually impossible for the Americans to have lost the battle. Needless to say, doubts of this nature are never raised in the film).
We first meet the squad during training in New Zealand, where they are being put through their paces by tough-but-fair Sergeant John Stryker. Not all the men, however, appreciate Stryker's rigorous training methods. He is especially disliked by two of them. Private Al Thomas, who has tangled with Stryker in the past, regards him as tough-but- unfair. Private Peter Conway, who has joined the Marines for the sake of family tradition rather than out of any genuine enthusiasm, loathes him for more complicated reasons. Conway's father, who has been killed earlier in the war, was himself an officer in the Marines. Stryker served under him and greatly admired him, but Conway junior despised his father, whom he saw as cold and unfeeling, and transfers his hatred to Stryker, whom he sees as a man of a similar stamp. Needless to say, both Thomas and Conway eventually prove themselves heroes when the squad go into battle.
A subplot deals with Conway's courtship of, and marriage to, Allison, a New Zealand girl. (At least, I presume Allison is a New Zealander, although Adele Mara plays her with an American accent). An attempt is made to give Stryker himself some sort of a back-story; we learn that he went through a traumatic divorce before the war and that he has become an alcoholic as a result. The scriptwriters, however, seem to regard his tendency to drink alcohol to excess as a mere personal foible which in no way detracts from his efficiency as a soldier. When his squad come across him dead drunk in the street they all- even those who dislike him- combine to hide him and protect him from the military police, never stopping to think whether a habitual drunkard is really the sort of man they want to lead them in combat.
Today the battle scenes would seem fairly feeble, not only in comparison with something like "Saving Private Ryan" but also in comparison with later war films from the sixties and seventies. In the late forties, however, they probably seemed effective enough and aroused greater tension than comparable films made during the war itself. The casting of John Wayne, who himself had never served in the armed forces and was considered a draft dodger by some, was controversial, but the film nevertheless brought him his first Academy Award nomination for "Best Actor in a Leading Role". Wayne had a limited range as an actor, but could be very good within that range, as he is here, making Stryker entirely credible as a man whom others would willingly follow into battle, despite his personal weaknesses. He lost out on "Best Actor", however, to Broderick Crawford as Governor Stark in "All the King's Men"; ironically this was a role which Wayne himself had been offered but refused.
"Sands of Iwo Jima" is a "Marmite Film" that will continue to divide opinion, even more than sixty years after it was made. Pacifists will doubtless hate it as a glorification of war. American patriots, especially those who share John Wayne's conservative politics, will love it as a celebration of heroism in a just cause. It is, however, overall a well-written, well-acted and generally well-made picture of men at war, if rather too gung-ho for my tastes. 7/10